M. M. . Faturohman, M. H. Athallah, L. Marlina, and I. Salim, “Teacher Perceptions and Practices of Tajwid and ‘Ilm al-Aṣwāt in Arabic Pronunciation Instruction: A Case Study at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah”, al-ittijah, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 73–91, Jun. 2026.