Rasch-Based Evaluation of Rating Scale Functioning in a PERMA Flourishing Instrument for University Students

Abstract

The assessment of psychological well-being is becoming increasingly important in the context of higher education to support the development of students' potential. This study aims to develop and test the validity and reliability of a rating scale based on the PERMA model (Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, Accomplishment) in measuring flourishing or positive functioning among students. The research employs a quantitative survey method involving 305 students from various study programs at Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia. Data were collected using the PERMA model flourishing instrument. Data analysis was conducted using the Rasch Model, focusing on Rating Scale Measurement. The results indicate that the original 0-10 flourishing instrument scale was simplified to a 0-5 scale, with the rating scale functioning effectively. These findings support the use of the PERMA model flourishing instrument as a valid and reliable measurement tool in the context of higher education. This research has implications for the design of intervention strategies by educators and counselors to enhance student well-being.