Syair Dan Realitas Sosial Bangsa Arab
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32678/al-ittijah.v12i2.3609
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Keywords:
Syai'r, Education values, Educational philosophyAbstract
Syair {poetry} is a literary product that is created using beautiful language, although sometimes it requires interpretations. Language as defined by Ibn Khaldun in his muqaddimah book, namely kala> m (words) used by a people to express its purpose. For this reason, language can be used by humans for various purposes, politics, business, education, art, and others. It can be used to express sadness, joy, fear, longing, love, and more. In the simple terms it can be said that language is a symbol of human life. For a certain society, language is very important. The occurrence of communication, diplomacy, instructions, correspondence, and others is closely related to language. For this reason, poetry in Arabic culture has become a very powerful social tool. This is in line with the view of life of the 5th century Athenians; language has become an instrument to achieve certain goals that are concrete and practical. Language is considered a powerful weapon in high-level political circles. Therefore, poetry is a popular literary work among Arabs.
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References
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‘Ulwan, Abdullah Nashih. Jawaban Tuntas Masalah Taqdir. Jakarta: al-Islahy Press, 1986.
‘Ulwan, Umar ‘Abdullah Nasih. ‘Abqariyyah al-Imam al-Sya>fi i> fi al-Istidla>l wa al-Ta’sil. Journal Fiqh: No. 4, 2007.
Abd al-Ra’u>f Syulma>, ‘Abd al-Munim, dan Ibra>hi>m al-Ibya>ri>. Syarh Di>wa>n Antarah ibn Syadda>d. Beirut: Da>r al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiy>ah, 1400 H / 1980 M, cet.1.
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Abd. Al-Ba>qi, Zaedan. Qawa>‘id al-Bahts al-Ijtima>’i. Kairo: Mat}ba’ah al-Sa’a>dah, 1980 M/1400 H, cet. 3.
Abdullah, Yusra> Abd al-Fanni>. Di>wa>n al-Kharnaq Binti Badr Ibn Hifa>n. Beiru>t: Da>r al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiy>ah, 1410 H/1990 M.
Abu al-Khasab, Ibra>hi>m Ali, dan Ahmad Abd al-Mun’im al-Baha>’. Buh}u>th fi al-Adab al-Ja>hili>. tp: al-Baya>n al-‘Arabi>, 1961.
Abu Bakr Muh}ammad, Asma>’. Dîwa>n ‘Urwah ibn al-Ward: Ami>r al-S{a>’ali>k. Beiru>t: Da>r al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiy>ah, 1412 H/1992 M.
Adonis. An Introduction to Arabic Poetics: T^ranslated from Arabic by Catherin Cobham. London: Saqi Books, 2003.
Hasan, Fahd Hajras bin Giyam. fi> Syi‘r al-Sya>fi ‘i> al-Jumlah al-T}albiy>ah. al-Ja>mi ‘ah al-Syarq al-Ausa>t>, 2014.
Hassan Shadly, Ensiklopedi Umum. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 1973.
Haufi, Abd al-Sala>m. Di>wa>n al-Khansa>, Beirut: Da>r al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiy>ah, 1405 H/1985 M.
Hollingshead, August B. Four Factor Index Of Social Status. Yale Journal Of Sociology Vol 8 2011.
Huri, Yair. "The Queen Who Serves the Slaves": From Politics to Metapoetics in the Poetry of QāsimHaddād. Journal of Arabic Literature, Vol. 34, No. 3 (2003), pp. 252-279.
Husaini, Adian. Hegemoni Kristen-Barat Dalam Studi Islam Di Perguruan Tinggi. Gema Insani, 2006.
Husaini, Adian. Pendidikan Islam: Membentuk Manusia Berkarakter dan Beradab. Jakarta: Cakrawala Publishing, 2010.
Husein, Ibnu Muhammad ibnu Sa’id, al-Adab al-Arabi wa Tarikhuhu, al-Mamlakah al-Arabiyah al-Su’udiyah: Jami’ah al-Imam Muhammad ibnu Su’ud al-Islamiyah, 1410 H.
Husein\, Thaha. Fi al-Adab al-J\a>hili>, Kairo: Da>r al-Ma’a>rif, 1969.
Mansur, Fadhil Munawwar. Sejarah Perkembangan Kesusatraan Arab Klasik Dan Modern. Universiytas Gajah Mada, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Seminar Internasional Bahasa Arab Dan Sastra Islam: Persoalan Metode Dan Perkembangannya, 2007.
Maran, Rafael Raga. Pengantar Sosiologi Politik. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2007.
Mas’u>d, Jama>l ‘Abd al-Haadi Muhammad dan Wafa>’ Muh}ammad Rufi‘a>t Juma‘ah. Manhaj Kita>bah al-Ta>rikh al-Islami> limadaz}a? wa kaif?. al-Qahirah: Ka>fah H{uqu>q al-Tabi‘ Mah}fu>dah, 1994.
Mashuri, Saepudin. Transformasi Tradisi Keilmuan dalam Isalm: Melacak Akar kemunculan dan Perkembangan Institusi Pendidikan Islam. Jurnal Hunafa Vol 4, no 3, September 2007.
Metres Philip and Mark Nowak, Poetry as Social Practice in the First Person Plural: A Dialogue on Documentary Poetics. Iowa Journal of Cultural Studies, 2010.
Miller, Cristian. Blood Money. Jakarta: Ufuk Press, 2007.
Misbah, Ma’ruf, dkk, Sejarah Peradaban Islam, Semarang: Wicaksana, 1994.
Misrawi, Zuhairi. Mekkah Kota Suci, Kekuasaan, dan Teladan Ibrahim. Jakarta: Kompas, 2009.
Mohamad Ngafenan, Kamus Kesusastraan. Semarang: Dahara Prize, 1990.
Muhammad Nashiruddin, Mahdi (syarah), Dîwan al-Ahthal, Beirut: Dâr al-kutub al-Ilmiyah, 1414 H/ 1994 M.
Muhdar, Yunus Ali dan Bey Arifin. Sejarah Kesusastraan Arab. Surabaya: PT Bina Ilmu, 1983.
Muhdor, Yunus Ali. Sejarah Kesusastraan Arab. Surabaya: PT Bina Ilmu, 1993.
Murad, Musthafa. Takut Hanya Kepada Allah: 152 Kisah Hikmah Manusia-manusia Shaleh yang Hanya Takut Kepada Allah dan Hari Akhir. Miqat, 2008.
Mujib, Abdul dan Jusuf Mudzakkir. Ilmu Pendidikan Islam. Jakarta: Kencana, 20016.
Murawwah, Muhammad Ridla, Umru al-Qais; al-Malik al-Dlilli>l, Beirut: Da>r al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiy>ah, 1411 H/1990 M.
Mustamar, Marzuki. Kodifikasi Sastra Arab Periode Klasik Jahil. Jurusan Bahasa dan Sastra Arab, Fakultas Humaniora dan Budaya, Universitas Negeri Malang.
Mustatafa>, Mujtahid. Diwa>n imam syafi’i: al-Ima>m al-Faqi>h Abu ‘Abdillah Muhammad Ibn Idri>s al-Syafi’i>. Bairu>t: H{uqu>q al-Tab’i Mahfu>dah, 1999.
Muzakki, Akhmad. Kesusasteraan Arab: Pengantar, Teori, dan Terapan. Jogjakarta: Ar-Ruzz, 2006.
Na>shif, Mushthafa>. Dira>sat al-Adab al-Arabi>. Kairo: al-Da>r al-Qaumiy>ah, tth.
Qassab, Walîd. Manâhij al-Naqd al-Adabi al-Hadîts; Ru’yah Islâmiyah. Damaskus: Dar al-Fikr, 2007.
Qayyim
Soekanto, Soerjono. Sosiologi: Suatu Pengantar. Jakarta: PT RajaGrafindo Persada, 2002, cet. 34.
Sowayan, Saad. The Hilali Poetry In The "Muqaddimah" Its Links To NabaṬi Poetry. Oriente Moderno, Nuova Serie, Anno 22 (83), Nr. 2, Journal Studies On Arabic Epics, 2003.
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\Tsaltu>t, Mahmu>d. al-Bid‘ah Asba>buha> wa Madla>rruha>. Madina>t Nas}r Da>r al-Yusr, 2008.
Vadet, Jean-Claude, (terjemah Ibrâhîm al-Kailâni), al-Ghazal `ind al-`Arab, Suriah: Wuzârat al-Tsaqâfah, 1985, cet. 2.
Wahyudi, Hendri Kusuma. Doa Mengharapkan Anak Saleh. Bandung: Mizan, 2010.
Yatim, Badri, Sejarah Peradaban Islam, Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada, 1995, cet. 3.
Yusof, Tamar Jaya Nizar Farahwahida Mohd. Pemikiran Akidah Imam Syafii. Jurnal Teknologi Pusat peneyelidikan Faiqh dan sains dan teknologi, University of Malaysia, johor malasya, 2013.
Yusuf Farran, Muhammad. Zuhair ibn Abi Sulma: Haya>tuh wa Syi’ruh. Beirut: Da>r al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiy>ah, 1411 H/1990 M.
Zabi’, Muhammad ibnu Abd al-Rahman al-, al-Adab al-Arabi wa Tarikhuhu, al-Mamlakah al-‘Arabiy>ah al-Su’u>diy>ah: Wuzara>t al-Ta’li>m al-‘a’la, 1410 H.
Zaidan, Abdul Rozak. Kamus Istilah Sastra. Bandung: Balai Pustaka, 2007.
Zaidan’s, Jurji. History of Islamic Civilization. New Delhi: Kitab Bhavan, 1978.
Zakaria, A. Manusia dan Problematika Hidupnya. Garut: Ibnazka Press, 2014.
Zaki Edrees, Kita>b T{abaqa>t al-Syu’ara>’ al-‘Arab: Nabd wa Istiqra>’ li al-Wa>qi’ al-Ma’a>s}ir lahum. Mada>ris al-Inja>l al-Ahliy>ah bi jiddah Markaz Tat}wi>r al-Tarbawi> Qism al-Lughah al-‘Arabiy>ah: lulu.com.
Zauzani, Ibn ‘Abdilla>h al-Husein, Syarh al-Mu’allaqa>t al-Sa>b. Beiru>t: Da>r al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiy>ah.
Zayya>t, Ahmad Hasan, Ta>rikh al-Adab al-‘Arabi>. Kairo: Da>r al-Nah}d}ah, tth.
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2021-01-21
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