Author Guidelines

Please prepare your manuscript before submitting it using the following guidelines: 

Use Templates

1. Aims and Scope.

Tarbawi: Jurnal Keilmuan Manajemen Pendidikan is an international peer-reviewed scholarly journal dedicated to advancing research, theory, policy, and practice in educational management and leadership. The journal provides an interdisciplinary forum for researchers, academics, policymakers, educational leaders, and practitioners to disseminate original, high-quality, and impactful studies that contribute to the continuous improvement of educational institutions at local, national, regional, and global levels. The journal particularly encourages studies that demonstrate strong theoretical foundations, methodological rigor, practical relevance, and significant scholarly contributions to educational management.

 

The journal welcomes manuscripts addressing a broad range of topics, including but not limited to educational leadership, educational governance, strategic management in education, school and higher education administration, quality assurance, educational planning, curriculum management, human resource management, financial management, educational policy, organizational behavior, institutional transformation, digital leadership, educational innovation, educational technology management, knowledge management, change management, sustainable educational development, Islamic educational management, pesantren and madrasah management, higher education governance, internationalization of education, entrepreneurship in education, educational marketing, risk management, laboratory management, educational accountability, and other interdisciplinary studies relevant to educational management.

 

Authors are encouraged to submit original empirical studies, theoretical and conceptual papers, systematic literature reviews, meta-analyses, methodological studies, evidence-based policy analyses, and interdisciplinary research that offer meaningful theoretical advancement and practical implications. Manuscripts that merely replicate previous studies without demonstrating substantial novelty, theoretical development, contextual contribution, or methodological innovation are unlikely to be considered for publication. Preference is given to studies that address emerging challenges, contemporary issues, and future directions in educational management within diverse educational contexts.

 

The journal accepts several categories of manuscripts to accommodate diverse scholarly contributions. Each manuscript type is evaluated according to its originality, methodological rigor, theoretical contribution, and relevance to the journal's aims and scope.

Original Research Articles report the findings of empirical investigations employing quantitative, qualitative, mixed-methods, or research and development approaches. These manuscripts should present clearly defined research objectives, appropriate methodological procedures, robust data analysis, and substantial theoretical and practical implications.

Systematic Literature Reviews critically synthesize existing evidence using transparent, systematic, and reproducible review procedures. Authors are encouraged to adopt internationally recognized review protocols, such as PRISMA or equivalent methodological frameworks, and provide comprehensive analyses that identify research trends, knowledge gaps, and future research agendas.

Meta-Analyses quantitatively integrate findings from multiple empirical studies to estimate overall effect sizes and provide stronger evidence regarding specific educational phenomena. Authors should report inclusion criteria, search strategies, quality assessments, statistical procedures, and publication bias analyses in accordance with internationally accepted reporting standards.

Conceptual Papers develop new theoretical perspectives, conceptual frameworks, or scholarly arguments that significantly contribute to educational management research. Such papers should demonstrate comprehensive engagement with current literature and clearly explain how the proposed concepts advance existing theoretical understanding.

Policy Analysis Articles critically examine educational policies, governance systems, regulatory frameworks, or institutional reforms using rigorous analytical approaches supported by empirical evidence and contemporary theoretical perspectives.

 

All manuscripts submitted to Tarbawi: Jurnal Keilmuan Manajemen Pendidikan must represent original scholarly work that has not been previously published, accepted for publication, or simultaneously submitted to another journal. Submission of a manuscript constitutes the authors' declaration that the work is original, ethically conducted, and complies with internationally accepted standards of research integrity. The journal adopts a zero-tolerance policy toward plagiarism, duplicate publication, redundant publication, salami publication, image manipulation, citation manipulation, fabricated data, falsified data, and other forms of academic misconduct. Authors are fully responsible for ensuring the authenticity of all textual content, research findings, figures, tables, and supplementary materials included in their submissions.

 

Every manuscript undergoes an initial similarity assessment using Turnitin prior to editorial evaluation. Under the journal's policy, the overall Similarity Index must not exceed 15%, while similarity originating from any single source should generally remain below 3%, except where identical wording is academically unavoidable, such as official regulations, legal documents, or appropriately quoted materials. The Editorial Board evaluates similarity reports based not only on numerical scores but also on the nature, location, and context of matched content. Consequently, manuscripts may still be rejected when extensive unattributed copying is identified, even if the overall similarity score falls below the prescribed threshold. The Editorial Office reserves the right to reject manuscripts at any stage of the editorial process if substantial evidence of plagiarism or other violations of publication ethics is discovered. Where necessary, the journal may request clarification, original research data, ethics approval documents, or additional supporting evidence before further editorial consideration.

 

Authors should prepare manuscripts using a logical and coherent structure that enables readers to understand the research objectives, methodological procedures, findings, and scholarly contributions effectively. Manuscripts should be written in clear, concise, and grammatically accurate academic English. Authors whose first language is not English are strongly encouraged to have their manuscripts professionally edited prior to submission.

A full-length research article should normally contain the following sections:

 

The title serves as the first representation of a manuscript and should accurately reflect the central focus, methodology, and scholarly contribution of the study. Authors are encouraged to construct informative, concise, and engaging titles that facilitate discoverability through academic search engines and indexing databases. Titles should generally not exceed twenty words and should avoid unnecessary abbreviations, jargon, symbols, or highly technical expressions unfamiliar to an international readership. Whenever appropriate, the title should incorporate important keywords that reflect the principal variables, research context, theoretical perspective, or methodological approach without compromising readability. Authors should avoid vague expressions such as "A Study of," "Some Notes on," or "An Analysis of" unless these phrases are essential for accurately describing the research. Titles should emphasize originality, innovation, and contribution rather than merely describing the research setting.

 

Each manuscript should include complete and accurate information for all contributing authors. Author names should be presented consistently with previously published scholarly works to facilitate citation indexing and researcher identification. Each author's institutional affiliation should include the department, faculty, institution, city, and country. The corresponding author bears primary responsibility for all communications with the Editorial Office throughout the submission, peer-review, publication, and post-publication processes. A valid institutional email address should be provided for the corresponding author. Authors are strongly encouraged to register for an ORCID iD and include it during submission to improve researcher identification, enhance publication visibility, and support interoperability across scholarly databases. Changes to authorship after manuscript submission will only be considered under exceptional circumstances and require written approval from all listed authors together with a satisfactory explanation submitted to the Editor-in-Chief.

 

The abstract should provide a comprehensive yet concise summary of the manuscript, enabling readers to understand the study without consulting the full text. It should be written as a single paragraph consisting of approximately 200–250 words and should avoid citations, abbreviations, references, equations, or undefined technical terminology. The abstract should clearly describe the research background, objectives, methodology, principal findings, originality, theoretical contribution, practical implications, and major conclusions. Quantitative studies are encouraged to report key statistical findings where appropriate, while qualitative studies should summarize the principal themes or interpretations emerging from the analysis. Because the abstract is frequently indexed independently by international databases, authors should ensure that it accurately represents the manuscript and contains important keywords likely to enhance discoverability in bibliographic search systems.

 

Authors should provide four to seven keywords immediately following the abstract. Keywords should accurately represent the principal concepts, theoretical perspectives, methodologies, and research contexts addressed in the manuscript. To maximize indexing effectiveness, keywords should complement rather than duplicate words already appearing in the title. Authors are encouraged to use internationally recognized terminology that facilitates retrieval through scholarly databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, Dimensions, Crossref, and Google Scholar. Carefully selected keywords improve the visibility, discoverability, and citation potential of published articles. Accordingly, authors should avoid overly broad terms, uncommon abbreviations, or highly localized expressions that may limit international accessibility.

 

The Introduction should provide a compelling rationale for the study by clearly explaining the background, significance, and context of the research problem. Authors are expected to demonstrate a thorough understanding of the current state of knowledge by critically synthesizing recent and relevant literature rather than merely describing previous studies. The Introduction should establish why the research is important, identify existing theoretical or empirical gaps, and explain how the present study addresses those gaps.

 

A high-quality introduction should progressively guide readers from the broader research context to the specific problem investigated. Authors should explicitly articulate the research gap by identifying inconsistencies, unresolved issues, methodological limitations, contextual differences, or underexplored phenomena within existing scholarship. Simply stating that "few studies have been conducted" is insufficient; instead, the gap should be supported by critical analysis of prior research.

 

The theoretical framework underpinning the study should also be introduced in this section. Authors should explain the relevance of the selected theories or conceptual perspectives and describe how these theories inform the development of the research questions, hypotheses, or analytical framework. Whenever appropriate, the Introduction should conclude with clearly stated research objectives, research questions or hypotheses, and an explanation of the study's expected theoretical, practical, and policy contributions.

The Editorial Board strongly encourages authors to cite recent international literature, preferably published within the last five years, while also incorporating seminal references where necessary. Excessive reliance on outdated literature or references unrelated to the research objectives should be avoided.

 

The Literature Review should critically examine the body of knowledge relevant to the research topic and establish a strong theoretical foundation for the study. Rather than presenting a descriptive summary of previous publications, authors should synthesize and evaluate existing evidence to identify patterns, contradictions, theoretical debates, and research opportunities. Authors are encouraged to organize the Literature Review thematically or conceptually instead of chronologically. Each subsection should demonstrate how previous studies relate to the present research and contribute to the development of the proposed conceptual or analytical framework. Where appropriate, competing theoretical perspectives should be compared and critically evaluated to justify the selection of the theoretical approach adopted in the study.

 

For empirical research, the Literature Review should conclude by clearly explaining how previous findings informed the development of research questions or hypotheses. For conceptual papers and review articles, this section should identify important knowledge gaps and justify the proposed conceptual contribution. The journal encourages authors to prioritize high-quality references from peer-reviewed international journals indexed in Scopus or Web of Science. Literature should be current, relevant, and directly related to the research objectives. Excessive citation of inaccessible sources, unpublished materials, or non-scholarly websites should be avoided unless their inclusion is essential to the study.

 

The Research Method section should provide sufficient detail to enable readers to understand, evaluate, and, where appropriate, replicate the study. Authors should describe the research design, philosophical or methodological approach, research setting, participants or data sources, sampling procedures, instruments, data collection methods, and analytical techniques in a clear and systematic manner.

 

For quantitative research, authors should report the study design, sampling strategy, sample size determination, measurement instruments, validity and reliability assessments, statistical software, assumption testing, and statistical analyses employed. Effect sizes, confidence intervals, and appropriate measures of statistical significance should be reported where applicable.

 

For qualitative research, authors should explain the research paradigm, participant selection, data collection procedures, interview or observation protocols, document selection criteria, coding procedures, trustworthiness strategies, and analytical framework. Techniques used to enhance credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability should also be described.

 

Mixed-methods studies should explain the rationale for integrating quantitative and qualitative approaches, describe the research design adopted, and explain how findings from different data sources were integrated during interpretation.

 

Research involving human participants must include a statement regarding ethical approval and informed consent where required by institutional or national regulations. Authors should also explain how confidentiality, anonymity, and participants' rights were protected throughout the research process. The Editorial Board encourages authors to describe their methodology with sufficient transparency so that readers can assess the validity, reliability, and trustworthiness of the reported findings.

 

The Results section should present the research findings objectively, accurately, and logically without extensive interpretation. Findings should directly address the research objectives, questions, or hypotheses established in the Introduction. Authors should organize results according to the sequence of research questions or analytical procedures. Tables and figures should be used only when they improve clarity and should not duplicate information already presented in the text. Every table and figure must be cited in the manuscript and accompanied by clear titles, numbering, and explanatory notes where necessary. Quantitative studies should report relevant descriptive and inferential statistics, including measures of central tendency, variability, significance levels, confidence intervals, and effect sizes where appropriate. Qualitative studies should present emerging themes, categories, or patterns supported by representative quotations or evidence while maintaining participant confidentiality. Authors should avoid discussing theoretical implications or comparing findings with previous studies within the Results section. Interpretation belongs in the subsequent Discussion section.

 

The Discussion is the core scholarly contribution of the manuscript. In this section, authors should interpret the significance of their findings, explain how the results answer the research questions, and demonstrate how the study advances existing knowledge in educational management. Authors should critically compare their findings with previous national and international studies, explaining areas of agreement, disagreement, or extension. Differences between findings should be interpreted thoughtfully by considering theoretical perspectives, contextual factors, methodological differences, and practical circumstances rather than simply describing similarities and differences. The Discussion should clearly articulate the theoretical contributions of the study by explaining how the findings support, refine, extend, or challenge existing theories. Practical implications for educational leaders, policymakers, teachers, administrators, and other stakeholders should also be explicitly discussed. Authors are expected to acknowledge the limitations of their study honestly and explain how these limitations may influence the interpretation or generalizability of the findings. Rather than weakening the manuscript, a transparent discussion of limitations demonstrates scholarly integrity and helps guide future research. The section should conclude by proposing meaningful directions for future research based on unresolved issues, methodological improvements, emerging educational challenges, or opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration.

 

The Conclusion should provide a concise synthesis of the principal findings without merely repeating the Results or Discussion sections. Authors should clearly explain how the study has answered the research questions and achieved its stated objectives while emphasizing the originality and scholarly significance of the research. The conclusion should highlight the study's theoretical contributions, practical implications, and policy relevance where appropriate. Recommendations should be derived directly from the research findings and should be realistic, evidence-based, and relevant to the intended audience. Authors should avoid introducing new literature, data, analyses, or arguments that have not been discussed previously in the manuscript. Instead, the Conclusion should provide readers with a clear understanding of the study's overall contribution and its potential impact on future research and educational practice.

 

References constitute a fundamental component of scholarly communication and demonstrate the extent to which a manuscript is grounded in current scientific knowledge. Authors are expected to cite relevant, credible, and authoritative sources that directly support the theoretical framework, research methodology, analysis, and interpretation of findings. Citations should not be included merely to increase the number of references but should contribute meaningfully to the scholarly argument presented in the manuscript. The journal adopts the American Psychological Association (APA) Style, Seventh Edition, for both in-text citations and the reference list. Authors are strongly encouraged to use reference management software such as Mendeley, Zotero, EndNote, or RefWorks to ensure consistency and minimize citation errors.

 

To maintain scientific relevance, at least 80% of the references should consist of peer-reviewed journal articles, while the remaining references may include scholarly books, conference proceedings, government regulations, policy documents, or other authoritative academic sources where appropriate. Authors are encouraged to prioritize literature published within the last five years, particularly for rapidly evolving topics. Nevertheless, seminal works and classical theories may be cited when they remain essential for establishing theoretical foundations.

 

Whenever available, Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) must be included in the reference list. References should be complete, accurate, and fully consistent with in-text citations. Every source cited in the manuscript must appear in the reference list, and every reference listed must be cited within the text. The Editorial Office reserves the right to return manuscripts containing incomplete, inaccurate, or improperly formatted references prior to peer review. Authors should avoid excessive self-citation, citation manipulation, or unnecessary citation of articles published in the journal solely to increase citation metrics. All citations should be selected based on their scholarly relevance rather than editorial or personal interests.

 

Tables and figures should be used to enhance readers' understanding of the research findings rather than duplicate information already presented in the main text. Authors are encouraged to present data in the most concise, informative, and visually clear manner while maintaining consistency throughout the manuscript. Each table and figure must be numbered consecutively according to its first appearance in the manuscript and provided with a concise yet descriptive title. Tables should be editable and created using the table function of the word-processing software rather than inserted as images. Figures, graphs, diagrams, photographs, and other illustrations should be of high resolution and suitable for professional publication. All tables and figures must be explicitly cited and discussed within the manuscript. Authors should explain the significance of each table or figure rather than merely repeating the numerical information presented. Statistical symbols, abbreviations, and measurement units should be clearly defined either within the table or in accompanying notes. Where figures, images, maps, or illustrations are reproduced or adapted from previously published sources, authors are responsible for obtaining all necessary copyright permissions before submission. Appropriate acknowledgment of the original source must be provided in accordance with copyright regulations. The Editorial Board reserves the right to request modifications to tables and figures if they do not meet publication quality standards or if their presentation reduces the clarity and readability of the manuscript.

 

Research involving human participants, personal data, interviews, surveys, observations, experiments, or other forms of human involvement must be conducted in accordance with internationally accepted ethical principles. Authors are responsible for ensuring that their research complies with applicable institutional, national, and international ethical standards. Where required by institutional regulations or national legislation, authors must obtain approval from an appropriate Research Ethics Committee (REC) or Institutional Review Board (IRB) before commencing data collection. The manuscript should clearly state the name of the approving institution, approval number (if applicable), and date of approval within the Research Method section or a dedicated Ethics Statement. Authors must confirm that informed consent was obtained from all research participants prior to their participation. For research involving minors or vulnerable populations, informed consent should also be obtained from parents, legal guardians, or other authorized representatives in accordance with applicable ethical regulations. Authors should describe the procedures adopted to protect participant privacy, confidentiality, anonymity, and data security throughout the research process. Any research involving deception, sensitive information, or potentially harmful procedures should provide appropriate ethical justification and demonstrate that adequate safeguards were implemented. Failure to provide satisfactory evidence of ethical approval when required may result in rejection of the manuscript prior to peer review or withdrawal of the manuscript from further editorial consideration.

 

The journal is committed to maintaining the highest standards of academic honesty, transparency, accountability, and responsible research conduct. Authors are expected to uphold the principles of research integrity throughout all stages of study design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, manuscript preparation, submission, and publication. The journal strictly prohibits all forms of scientific misconduct, including but not limited to plagiarism, self-plagiarism, duplicate publication, redundant publication, salami publication, fabricated data, falsified data, manipulated images, manipulated statistical analyses, inappropriate authorship, undisclosed conflicts of interest, citation manipulation, peer-review manipulation, and unethical research practices. Authors should retain original research data and supporting documentation for a reasonable period following publication. The Editorial Office may request access to raw data, analytical procedures, coding schemes, questionnaires, interview protocols, or other supporting materials whenever questions arise regarding the validity or authenticity of the reported findings. Where credible evidence of research misconduct is identified before or after publication, the Editorial Board will conduct an appropriate investigation in accordance with internationally recognized publication ethics principles. Depending on the severity of the violation, editorial actions may include manuscript rejection, publication correction, expression of concern, retraction, notification of the authors' institutions, or other appropriate corrective measures. The journal supports transparency, reproducibility, and responsible research practices as essential foundations of high-quality scholarly publishing.

 

The journal recognizes that Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies are increasingly being used in academic writing. While these technologies may assist authors in improving language quality and editorial efficiency, they must never replace human intellectual responsibility or scholarly judgment. Authors may use Generative AI tools solely for limited editorial purposes, including language editing, grammar correction, proofreading, translation, and improvements to readability. Any AI-assisted revision should be carefully reviewed by the authors to ensure that the scientific meaning, accuracy, and integrity of the manuscript remain unchanged. Authors remain fully responsible for every statement, interpretation, citation, and conclusion contained in the submitted manuscript.

 

Generative AI must not be used to generate or substantially develop the scientific content of a manuscript, including research ideas, hypotheses, literature reviews, theoretical arguments, research designs, methodologies, data analyses, statistical interpretations, discussions, conclusions, references, citations, or peer-review responses. AI-generated information should never be accepted uncritically without independent scholarly verification. The journal requires authors to disclose any permitted use of Generative AI in a dedicated section entitled "Declaration of Generative AI and AI-Assisted Technologies." This declaration should clearly identify the AI tool used, its version (where available), the purpose of its use, and the specific stages of manuscript preparation during which it was employed. Generative AI systems, including large language models and similar technologies, cannot be listed as authors or co-authors because they cannot assume responsibility for the originality, integrity, accuracy, ethical accountability, or intellectual ownership of scholarly work.

 

As part of the editorial screening process, the Editorial Office may request authors to submit a Turnitin Similarity Report and an AI Detection Report for the latest version of the manuscript. In accordance with the journal's editorial policy, manuscripts should generally demonstrate an overall Similarity Index not exceeding 15% (excluding bibliography, quoted materials, and small matches) and should not exhibit inappropriate dependence on AI-generated content. Editorial decisions will not rely solely on automated detection scores but will also consider expert editorial assessment of the manuscript's originality, scientific quality, coherence, and authenticity. Failure to comply with the journal's AI policy, including non-disclosure of AI use or inappropriate reliance on AI-generated scholarly content, may result in editorial rejection, suspension of the review process, or retraction after publication if significant violations are subsequently identified.

 

Transparency and reproducibility are fundamental principles of high-quality scholarly research. Accordingly, Tarbawi: Jurnal Keilmuan Manajemen Pendidikan encourages authors to make the data supporting the findings of their study available whenever ethically, legally, and practically feasible. A Data Availability Statement must be included in every manuscript immediately before the References section, regardless of whether the underlying research data are publicly accessible. The statement should clearly indicate where and how the research data can be accessed. Authors are encouraged to deposit datasets, research instruments, coding schemes, interview protocols, analytical scripts, or other relevant materials in recognized institutional or public repositories that provide persistent identifiers, such as DOI or accession numbers. When data are publicly available, authors should provide the repository name and permanent access link.

 

Where data cannot be shared due to ethical, legal, confidentiality, intellectual property, or contractual restrictions, authors should explicitly explain the reasons for restricted access. Statements such as "data are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request" are acceptable when public sharing is not possible. However, authors should ensure that legitimate requests for data can be accommodated whenever appropriate. The Editorial Office reserves the right to request access to original research data during the editorial or post-publication process to verify the accuracy and integrity of the reported findings. Failure to provide supporting data when reasonably requested may affect editorial decisions or trigger further investigation.

 

Maintaining transparency regarding competing interests is essential to preserving the credibility and objectivity of scholarly publications. All authors must disclose any financial, professional, institutional, personal, political, or other relationships that could reasonably be perceived as influencing the design, conduct, interpretation, or reporting of the research. Potential conflicts of interest may include, but are not limited to, research funding, employment, consultancy, honoraria, advisory positions, stock ownership, patent applications, intellectual property interests, or close personal or professional relationships that may influence editorial or scientific judgment.

 

Each manuscript must include a Conflict of Interest Statement. Where no competing interests exist, authors should include the following statement:

"The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper."

Disclosure of a potential conflict of interest does not necessarily preclude publication. Instead, transparency enables editors, reviewers, and readers to evaluate the research within an appropriate context. Failure to disclose relevant competing interests may result in editorial action, including rejection, correction, or retraction where warranted.

 

Authors are required to disclose all sources of financial support that contributed to the conduct of the research or preparation of the manuscript. Funding transparency enables readers to understand the context in which the research was undertaken and helps identify any potential influence of funding organizations on the research process. The Funding Statement should identify the full name of each funding organization, grant or project number (where applicable), and the specific role of the funder in the research. Authors should clearly indicate whether the funding agency participated in study design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation of findings, manuscript preparation, or publication decisions. If the research received no external financial support, authors should state:

Providing accurate funding information is an important aspect of responsible scholarly publishing and supports compliance with institutional and funding agency requirements.

 

The journal adopts the Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT) to promote transparency regarding individual contributions to scholarly work. All authors should have made substantial intellectual contributions to the research and should accept public responsibility for the accuracy and integrity of the published work. The corresponding author must provide a clear description of each author's contributions using the CRediT taxonomy where applicable. Contributor roles may include, but are not limited to:

Authorship should not be granted solely on the basis of funding acquisition, institutional position, administrative supervision, or general oversight. Likewise, individuals who contributed only technical assistance, language editing, administrative support, or data collection without substantial intellectual input should be acknowledged appropriately rather than listed as authors. Any request to add, remove, or reorder authors after manuscript submission will only be considered under exceptional circumstances. Such requests must be supported by written agreement from all authors together with a satisfactory explanation submitted to the Editor-in-Chief.

 

The Acknowledgements section provides authors with an opportunity to recognize individuals, institutions, organizations, or research groups that contributed to the completion of the study but whose contributions do not meet the criteria for authorship. Examples of contributions that may be acknowledged include technical assistance, language editing, statistical consultation, administrative support, laboratory assistance, institutional facilitation, or constructive academic discussions that improved the quality of the research. Authors should obtain permission from all individuals whose names are included in the Acknowledgements. The Editorial Office reserves the right to request modifications where acknowledgements may create ambiguity regarding authorship or potential conflicts of interest. Where no acknowledgements are applicable, this section may be omitted.

 

Authors are encouraged to submit supplementary materials that enhance the transparency, reproducibility, and scholarly value of the published article. Supplementary files may include research instruments, questionnaires, interview guides, observation protocols, coding manuals, additional statistical analyses, datasets, multimedia files, appendices, computer code, software scripts, extended tables, high-resolution figures, or other supporting documents that cannot be accommodated within the main manuscript. Supplementary materials should be directly relevant to the research and clearly referenced within the manuscript. Each supplementary file should be appropriately labeled, accompanied by a descriptive title, and submitted in widely accessible file formats. The Editorial Office will evaluate supplementary materials as part of the editorial process to ensure their relevance, quality, and suitability for publication. Accepted supplementary materials may be published online alongside the article to facilitate transparency and encourage further scholarly engagement. Authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, legality, originality, and copyright status of all supplementary materials submitted with the manuscript. Where supplementary materials contain personal information or copyrighted content, authors must ensure that all necessary permissions have been obtained prior to submission.

 

All manuscripts submitted to Tarbawi: Jurnal Keilmuan Manajemen Pendidikan undergo a rigorous editorial and peer-review process designed to ensure the publication of high-quality, original, and ethically conducted research. The journal employs a double-blind peer review system, in which the identities of authors and reviewers remain anonymous throughout the review process. This approach promotes fairness, minimizes bias, and supports objective evaluation based solely on the scholarly merit of the manuscript. Following submission, each manuscript is first assessed by the Editorial Office to determine its compliance with the journal's submission requirements, formatting standards, ethical policies, and scope. Manuscripts that fail to meet these basic requirements may be returned to the authors for technical revision or rejected before peer review.

 

Manuscripts that successfully pass the initial screening are evaluated by the Editor-in-Chief or an assigned Handling Editor to assess their originality, scientific significance, methodological quality, theoretical contribution, and suitability for external review. Manuscripts considered appropriate are then assigned to at least two independent expert reviewers with recognized expertise in the relevant research field. Reviewers evaluate manuscripts based on originality, theoretical foundation, methodological rigor, validity of analysis, quality of discussion, clarity of presentation, ethical compliance, relevance to the journal's scope, and overall contribution to educational management scholarship. Reviewers may recommend acceptance, minor revision, major revision, or rejection. Authors are expected to respond carefully and respectfully to every reviewer comment. Revised manuscripts should be accompanied by a detailed response letter explaining how each comment has been addressed. Failure to respond adequately may result in further revision requests or rejection. The Editorial Board strives to complete the review process promptly; however, review duration may vary depending on reviewer availability, manuscript complexity, and the extent of revisions required.

 

The final decision regarding publication rests exclusively with the Editor-in-Chief, who considers reviewer recommendations together with the journal's editorial standards and publication priorities. Editorial decisions generally fall into one of the following categories:

Acceptance is based not only on positive reviewer recommendations but also on the manuscript's originality, methodological soundness, theoretical significance, practical relevance, ethical compliance, and overall contribution to the advancement of educational management research. The Editorial Board reserves the right to decline manuscripts that fall outside the journal's scope, fail to meet scientific quality standards, violate publication ethics, or do not adequately address reviewer comments within the prescribed revision period. Editorial decisions are final. However, authors may submit a formal appeal in accordance with the journal's appeals procedure where substantial evidence suggests that an editorial decision resulted from factual error or procedural irregularity.

 

Tarbawi: Jurnal Keilmuan Manajemen Pendidikan is committed to maintaining the highest standards of publication ethics, academic integrity, and responsible scholarly communication. The journal adheres to internationally recognized ethical principles and expects all participants in the publication process—including authors, reviewers, editors, and the publisher—to conduct themselves with honesty, fairness, transparency, confidentiality, and professional responsibility. Authors are responsible for submitting original work, accurately reporting research findings, appropriately acknowledging the contributions of others, disclosing conflicts of interest, obtaining necessary ethical approvals, and correcting significant errors when identified. Fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, duplicate publication, image manipulation, citation manipulation, and other forms of research misconduct are strictly prohibited.

 

Editors are responsible for making impartial editorial decisions based solely on scholarly merit, maintaining confidentiality throughout the editorial process, managing conflicts of interest, ensuring fair peer review, and taking appropriate action when ethical concerns arise. Reviewers are expected to evaluate manuscripts objectively, maintain confidentiality, disclose any competing interests, avoid personal criticism, and provide constructive, evidence-based recommendations that contribute to the improvement of scholarly quality. Where allegations of research misconduct arise, the Editorial Board will investigate the matter fairly, confidentially, and transparently in accordance with internationally accepted publication ethics principles. Appropriate actions may include requests for clarification, correction, rejection, retraction, notification of relevant institutions, or other corrective measures deemed necessary.

 

Upon acceptance for publication, authors retain the copyright of their work while granting the journal the non-exclusive right to publish, distribute, archive, and preserve the article in both electronic and printed formats. Unless otherwise specified by the journal, published articles are distributed under the applicable Creative Commons License, allowing readers to access, share, and use published research in accordance with the terms of the selected license. Authors are encouraged to consult the journal website for the current licensing policy. Authors are responsible for ensuring that all copyrighted materials included in the manuscript, such as figures, tables, photographs, maps, questionnaires, or extensive quotations, are used with appropriate permission where required. Any copyright infringement remains the responsibility of the authors. The journal reserves the right to preserve, archive, and disseminate published articles through indexing services, institutional repositories, digital preservation systems, and scholarly databases to maximize the visibility and long-term accessibility of published research.

 

Tarbawi: Jurnal Keilmuan Manajemen Pendidikan is committed to promoting open and equitable access to scientific knowledge by providing immediate and unrestricted online access to all published articles, enabling readers worldwide to read, download, cite, distribute, and reuse published content in accordance with the journal's licensing policies. This journal does not charge a manuscript submission fee (IDR 0) for all authors. Furthermore, all authors affiliated with institutions outside Indonesia are exempt from the article processing fee (USD 0). Authors requiring expedited editorial and peer review processing can request priority review by contacting the Editorial Office. This optional service incurs an additional processing fee in accordance with journal administration policy and does not influence editorial decisions regarding acceptance or rejection, which remain based solely on the scientific quality and merit of the manuscript. For further information regarding publication policies or editorial procedures, please contact the Editorial Office via WhatsApp: +62 881-2388-031 or Email: [email protected].

 

Authors who believe that an editorial decision resulted from a significant factual error, procedural irregularity, or misunderstanding may submit a formal written appeal to the Editor-in-Chief. Appeals should provide a clear explanation of the reasons for reconsideration together with supporting evidence. Appeals based solely on disagreement with reviewer opinions, without substantive justification, are unlikely to result in reconsideration. The Editorial Board will evaluate appeals objectively and independently. Where appropriate, additional editorial consultation or external review may be sought before a final decision is reached. The journal also welcomes complaints concerning editorial procedures, publication ethics, peer-review conduct, or publication quality. All complaints will be handled confidentially, fairly, and in accordance with established editorial procedures.

 

Maintaining the integrity of the scholarly record is a fundamental responsibility of the journal. Where significant errors, ethical violations, or research misconduct are identified after publication, the Editorial Board will take appropriate corrective action to preserve the accuracy and reliability of the published literature. Minor errors that do not affect the scientific conclusions of an article may be corrected through the publication of an Erratum or Corrigendum. Where serious errors substantially affect the validity or reliability of the research findings, the journal may issue an Expression of Concern while an investigation is ongoing or retract the article where necessary. Retraction may occur in cases involving plagiarism, fabricated or falsified data, duplicate publication, unethical research practices, significant undisclosed conflicts of interest, peer-review manipulation, or other serious violations of publication ethics. Correction and retraction notices will remain permanently linked to the original article to ensure transparency and preserve the integrity of the scholarly record.

 

Questions regarding manuscript preparation, submission procedures, editorial policies, publication ethics, or other matters relating to the journal should be directed to the Editorial Office through the official communication channels provided on the journal's website. Authors are encouraged to consult the latest version of the Author Guidelines, Publication Ethics, and submission checklist before submitting their manuscripts. The Editorial Office may periodically revise these guidelines to reflect developments in scholarly publishing, international best practices, and editorial policy. Authors are therefore responsible for ensuring that submitted manuscripts comply with the most recent version of the journal's policies.