Pendekatan Pendidikan Inklusif dalam Penanganan Anak dengan Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) di SD Muhammadiyah Sirojuddin Mungkid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32678/ibtidai.v12i2.12213
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Keywords:
Pendidikan Inklusi, Sekolah Dasar, Anak ADHD, Individualized InstructionAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan pendekatan pendidikan inklusif terhadap peserta didik dengan Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) di SD Muhammadiyah Sirojuddin Mungkid. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan guru kelas, kepala sekolah, dan orang tua peserta didik, serta diperkuat dengan observasi pembelajaran dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan, dengan pengujian keabsahan data menggunakan teknik triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun sistem pendidikan inklusi belum diterapkan secara formal di sekolah, praktik pembelajaran telah mengadopsi prinsip-prinsip inklusivitas yang memberikan dampak positif bagi peserta didik berkebutuhan khusus. Pendekatan inklusif pada siswa dengan ADHD diwujudkan melalui penerapan individualized instruction, seperti penyampaian materi secara bertahap, penyesuaian durasi waktu dan metode belajar, analisis asesmen individual, pemetaan minat dan kebutuhan belajar, serta pengondisian tempat duduk yang mendukung konsentrasi. Penerapan pendekatan ini terbukti meningkatkan fokus kognitif, motivasi belajar, dan keterlibatan siswa dengan ADHD dalam proses pembelajaran, meskipun masih ditemukan tantangan dalam interaksi sosial dan pembelajaran formal. Selain itu, guru juga menjalin kolaborasi dengan orang tua dan tenaga profesional, seperti psikiater, meskipun implementasinya masih menghadapi keterbatasan yang memerlukan dukungan kebijakan sekolah dan penguatan kompetensi guru melalui pelatihan pendidikan inklusif.
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